ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
Santosh Khanal1, Uddav Khadka2, Laxmi Dhungel2
1Department of Microbiology, National College, Nayabazar, Khusibu
2Department of Biotechnology National College, Nayabazar, Khusibu
In the golden age of discovery of antibiotics, these potent “miracle” drugs saved millions of lives. Antibiotics not only saved patient lives but they have played a pivotal role in achieving major advances in medicine and surgery. Antibiotics have also helped to extend expected life span by changing the outcome of bacterial infections (Ventola 2015a). In contrast, we are entering an era where bacterial infections such as bloodstream infections and ventilator- associated pneumonia might no longer be successfully treated with antibiotics.
Bacteriological Profile in Urinary Tract Infection and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern
Indira Basnet1, Mahesh Kumar Chaudhary2, Santosh Khanal1, Om Prakash Panta1, Pramod Poudel1*
1Department of Microbiology, National College, Khusibu, Kathmandu, Nepal
2KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Imadol, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Nepal
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common and serious health problem affecting millions of people worldwide each year especially females. Treatment of UTI relies on the bacteriological profile and the knowledge of their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. A cross-sectional study was done in Kantipur Hospital, Kathmandu. Tools for data collection were a data collection form. Total 1246 urine sample from patient suspected of UTI was reviewed, out of which 369 (29.61%) of urine sample showed significant growth. UTI was prevalent in females of age group 21-30 being Escherichia coli (62.3%) predominant one. Altogether 199 multi drug resistance strains were isolated. Empirical treatment of UTI should be discouraged.
Antioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants of Nepal
Grinsun Sharma1, Biswash Sapkota2, Gopal Lamichhane1, Mahendra Adhikari1 and Paridhi Kunwar1
1School of Health and Allied Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Pokhara University, Nepal
2 Department of Pharmacology, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, India.
Method: Collected plant species were subjected to maceration in methanol for 72 hrs. Antioxidant activity of plant extracts was assessed by using DPPH free radical scavenging method in different concentrations (1 μg/ml, 3 μg/ml, 5 μg/ml, 7 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml) and percentage inhibition and effective concentration (EC50) was calculated.
Result: Result indicates that EC50 of D. boryanum (3.75 μg/ml) and P. guajava (3.89 μg/ml) was less, EC50 of R. nepalensis (5.03 μg/ml) and S. japonica (6.75 μg/ml) was comparable and EC50 of M. macrophylla (7.86 μg/ml), B. asiatica (9.14 μg/ml), E. adenophorum (7.78 μg/ml), E. crassipes (8.21 μg/ml) and N. arbortritis (8.16 μg/ml) was higher than ascorbic acid (4.73 μg/ml).
Conclusion: Our result shows that D. boryanum and P. gvajava possess higher antioxidant activity than the ascorbic acid implying that, they could be potential free radical scavenging agents and could be developed as pharmaceutical agents.
